Bats, Cattle, and Rabies: A Hidden Threat in Brazil
In Brazil, a silent battle is taking place between bats, cattle, and a deadly virus. Rabies, a disease that spreads through animal bites, is causing serious problems for both people and farmers. Every year, around 45,000 cattle lose their lives to rabies, leading to economic losses of up to 15 million dollars.
Tracking the Spread of Rabies
Scientists are using a special tool called phylogeographic analysis to track how the rabies virus spreads over time and space. This helps them understand how the virus is moving and changing. In a recent study, researchers looked at 79 samples of the rabies virus collected from cattle between 2018 and 2020. They focused on a specific part of the virus called the nucleoprotein gene.
Four Types of Rabies Virus in São Paulo
The study found that there are four different types of rabies virus circulating among cattle in São Paulo. Two of these types, called SP Endemic and Pan-American, have been traced back to their origins.
- SP Endemic likely came from Minas Gerais around 1977.
- Pan-American has been in São Paulo since at least 1972.
The Spread of the Pan-American Virus
The Pan-American type of the virus has spread to other states like Goiás, Tocantins, and Rio de Janeiro. This shows that the rabies virus is moving around and changing over time. The study also identified Campinas as a key area where the virus first started spreading within São Paulo.
Why This Research Matters
This research is important because it helps us understand how the rabies virus is moving and changing. This knowledge can be used to develop better strategies for controlling the spread of the disease and protecting both animals and people.
