Researchers followed buckwheat plants through their growing season, measuring how much of the healthy compounds rutin and quercitrin they stored in leaves and flowers. They also counted how strong the plant’s antioxidant power was and tracked a pigment called fagopyrin that can become toxic under light. The study compared these numbers with weather data such as temperature, sunshine and rainfall.

During the time when flowers were at their fullest, flower parts held about one‑and‑a‑half times more rutin than leaves. The flowers’ antioxidant strength, measured by a reducing power test, was over five times stronger than that of the leaves. Fagopyrin levels in flowers were nearly thirteen times higher than those in leaves. Once the peak of flowering passed, the flower’s phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity dropped quickly, while fagopyrin stayed stable.

When four days passed without rain, the flowers’ antioxidant power rose in step with both high and low daily temperatures. In contrast, weather had no clear influence on how much fagopyrin flowers accumulated. However, in dry spells the leaves showed a stronger link between lower temperatures and higher fagopyrin amounts.

These patterns do not prove that weather directly causes the changes, but they hint at ways farmers might grow buckwheat to harvest parts with the best antioxidant benefits. Adjusting planting times or protecting plants during certain weather conditions could help produce healthier leaves and flowers.

Buckwheat’s Sweet and Sunny Secrets

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