Making leather is a detailed process that turns animal skins into the finished product we use every day. Sadly, this process generates wastewater filled with harmful chemicals. Cleaning this wastewater is crucial to protect both people and the environment. One effective way to do this is through a process called adsorption. Among the many materials used for adsorption, zeolites stand out. These natural minerals can also act as cation exchangers, meaning they remove positively charged contaminants without affecting negatively charged ones. This is unique and makes zeolites quite powerful. They can be found naturally or made in a lab to enhance their ability to clean water. However, zeolites' effectiveness depends on the specific contaminants they're trying to remove. Their performance is closely tied to their physical and chemical properties, especially those on their surface. This review aims to explain the leather-making process and the wastewater it produces. The main focus is on how zeolites can help remove contaminants from this wastewater. It also discusses the challenges and suggests future research directions.
