Investigating Cryptococcal Antigen in HIV Patients with Neurological Symptoms

Cryptococcal meningitis is a big problem for people with HIV, especially when the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans gets into their brain. Researchers in Libreville, Gabon, wanted to find out how common it is for HIV patients with neurological symptoms to have Cryptococcus antigen in their urine. They did this by testing urine samples from 255 HIV patients who were in the hospital from April to October 2021. Out of these patients, 142 were tested for the antigen using a kit called Pastorex Crypto Plus. Surprisingly, the test came back positive for 35 patients, which is about 24. 6%. Most of these patients were under 55 years old, and many had very low CD4 counts, which means their immune system was weak. Also, all patients who had neck stiffness at the time of admission tested positive for the antigen. This study shows that it's important to check for this antigen in HIV patients with neurological symptoms to help manage their care better.

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