Shifting Sands: Syria's Army and Kurds Navigate a Tense Truce

In a move that's got everyone talking, Syria's army is advancing into areas east of Aleppo. This follows the withdrawal of Kurdish forces, known as the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), after high-level discussions with US officials and a significant promise from Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa.

A Tense Week Leads to Withdrawal

Last week saw heated clashes, raising concerns on both sides. The US intervened, urging calm. Now, President al-Sharaa is working to integrate Kurdish military and civilian groups into Syria's national framework. The Syrian army has taken full control of Deir Hafer, a town 50km from Aleppo, and advises civilians to stay away until the area is secure.

The Backdrop: Kurdish Leader's Decision

The situation escalated after Kurdish leader Mazloum Abdi agreed to move his US-backed SDF troops east of the Euphrates River, citing requests from allies and mediators. Meanwhile, US special envoy Tom Barrack and Mazloum Abdi are set to meet soon for further discussions.

A Historic Recognition of Kurdish Rights

Before the withdrawal, President al-Sharaa made a landmark announcement: Kurdish would become a national language, and the Kurdish new year would be an official holiday. This marks the first formal recognition of Kurdish rights since Syria's independence in 1946, acknowledging decades of oppression.

Challenges Remain

Despite this progress, tensions persist. The Kurdish administration in northern Syria views the decree as just a first step, calling for permanent constitutions that reflect the people's will. Both sides accuse each other of violating the agreement, with the Syrian army reporting Kurdish forces killed two of its soldiers, while the Kurds claim Syria moved in too soon.

The Long Road Ahead

For years, Kurdish forces have controlled large parts of Syria's oil-rich north and northeast, gained during the civil war and the fight against the Islamic State group. With the recent change in Syria's leadership, President al-Sharaa is pushing to integrate Kurdish groups into the country's institutions. A deal was signed in March 2025, but nearly a year later, it remains unfulfilled, with both sides pointing fingers.