Utah’s Water and Land Laws Shake Up in 2026

Utah legislators are reshaping how the state manages water resources, public lands, and mining interests. While the Great Salt Lake often dominates headlines, a suite of new bills targets broader issues affecting farmers, miners, and the public.

1. Legal Support for Colorado River Water Rights

A proposal authorizes the Natural Resources Department to shoulder legal expenses in disputes over Colorado River water. With the current agreement expiring in 2026, Utah may need to litigate or negotiate with other basin states. If the state’s water rights are contested, this bill ensures the department covers related costs.

2. Clarifying Federal Land Ownership

Another measure addresses ownership of federal land within Utah’s approximately 35 million acres. It clarifies that most of this land holds a “proprietorial interest only” status, allowing the state to regulate usage without altering federal ownership. The law mandates mapping and monitoring to preserve land health.

3. Protecting Unused Water Rights

Utah currently forfeits unused water rights after seven years. A new bill lets residents retain their rights regardless of use duration, aiding long‑term planning in growing regions. The measure was signed into law by the governor last week.

4. Water Leasing for Farmers

Two bills establish a framework enabling farmers to sell or lease water to the Colorado River system and the Great Salt Lake. The state will compensate farmers at approximately $300 per acre, using the water for reservoirs or lake replenishment. Participation remains voluntary, allowing farmers to decide irrigation volumes.

5. Reinstating 2014 Coal Mine Protections

A law reverting to a 2014 rule shields coal mines from environmental lawsuits. Under the new provision, miners are no longer required to post a bond when permits face challenges, restoring the older approach. The governor signed this bill after a brief reversal.

These legislative efforts demonstrate Utah’s commitment to addressing water management, land stewardship, and mining rights amid evolving environmental challenges.