Vietnam has been building small hydropower plants (HPPs) at a fast pace. These projects aim to boost electricity supply, improve water access, and shield against droughts. However, the effects on nearby communities are not straightforward. These plants often lead to competition for resources like land.

To understand the impact on local livelihoods, a large study was conducted. It looked at data from 2, 195 rural households and mapped out the locations of HPPs. The findings showed that HPPs can boost agricultural income and increase irrigated farmland. They can also reduce the number of expected droughts. However, these benefits are not evenly distributed.

People living downstream from the dams tend to gain more advantages. In contrast, those living upstream do not see the same benefits. This uneven impact is crucial for policymakers to consider. They need to be aware of these differences to create fair policies and prevent conflicts in rural areas.

The study highlights the importance of considering location when planning HPPs. It also shows that while HPPs can bring benefits, they can also create challenges. These challenges need to be addressed to ensure that the benefits are shared fairly among all communities.

The uneven impact of HPPs on rural livelihoods is a complex issue. It requires careful consideration and planning. Policymakers need to ensure that the benefits of HPPs are shared fairly. They also need to address the challenges that these projects can create. This will help to prevent conflicts and ensure that rural communities thrive.

Vietnam's Power Play: How Small Dams Affect Rural Lives

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